Intro To It

Computer Network

2009-10-22T06:30:00.000-07:00

NODE
-any device connected to a computer network. It can be computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs) or other network appliances.

CLIENT
-typically computers with network software applications installed requests and sends infomation over the network.

SERVER
-stores files and databases including complex applications such as web sites. This device has a higher-powered central processors, more memory and lager disk drive than clients.

HUB
-receives and sends signals along the network between the nodes connected to it. This is simple device that connects multiple computers together.

NETWORK INTERFACE CARDS (NIC)
-serves as the hardware interface between the computer and the network cable of sending and receiving data. NIC is also known as adapter cards.

NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM (NOS)
-a special application that allows computers and other devices on the network the ability to communicate, accept and receive information. share resources and run applications.

DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING
-a variety of computer systems that uses more than a computer or processor to run an. This term is more often refers to local-area networks(LANs) designed so that a single programme can run simultaneously at various sites. Another form of distributed processing is distributed databases which data is stored across two or more computer systems.

HOST COMPUTER
-main computer connected to other computers to which data via a network. It is similar to a server in client-server architecture.

NETWORK MANAGER
-A person responsible for for the maintenance of the computer software and hardware that comprises a computer network. Network manager's roles vary from company to company. Common tasks include network address assignment, directory services, maintenance of network facilities and certain network servers.

Input and Output

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Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR)A technique that enables special characters printed in magnetic ink to be read by computer. It is widely used in banking industry for processing of cheques.

Optical-character Recognition (OCR)

A process of converting printed materials into text files that can be edited and stored. OCR can now recognize most standard typefaces and even handwriting. It is often used by gas and electricity company to insert data collected on meter-reading cards.

Optical-mark Recogniton (OMR)

OMR Test Form

A technique that enables marks in predetermined position in OMR test forms to be detected optically by a computer. There is an optical mark reader that shines a light beam onto the OMR test forms. Marks are able to be determined as the amount of reflected light is calculated.

Dot Matrix Printer

A type of computer with a print head that runs back and forth or in a up and down motion on the page. It prints by striking an ink-soaked cloth against the paper. It is more flexible than a daisywheel printer as it is able to print graphics and text in many different typefaces.

Plotter

Uses line drawing to form an image instead of using dots. Pen plotters are used to draw lines on a paper as images are typed. Pen plotters can be used to create layouts, diagrams and banners.

Photo Printer

A printer designed to print high quality digital photos and other vibrant colour projects. It has a high number of nozzles and capable to print droplets as small as one picoliter. It differs from other printers as it has more colour cartridges which enables a wider range of hues and tones.

Portable Printer

A smaller size printer that is easy to carry and can be used anywhere. Portable photo printers are the most widely used portable printers.

Fax machine

Sends and receives document renderings. A graphic picture of a or more documents was transmitted by the sending machine across telephone lines in the from of data stream to be reconstructed by the receiving machine. It makes sending paperworks across towns or countries easier.

Multifunctional Device

A machine that has the capabilities of a scanner, printer, fax and photocopy machine.

Internet Telephone

A internet telephone looks and acts like a regular phone but does not provide communication over traditional telephone lines. It allows users of the World Wide Web communicates with other people via microphones and headsets. Internet telephone requires broadband Internet service rather than standard phone jacks and phone wiring.

Telephony

This is refers to technology of integrating telephone services into computer networks. It provides voice communication over distances, specifically by connecting telephones to each other.

System Unit

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Expansion Card

An electronic circuit board installed to an expansion slot of a computer motherboard. It enhance the computer's ability to perform additional functions not offered by the motherboard. An example of expansion card is graphics card. It gives the PC more 3D graphis processing power.

Network Interface Card (NIC)

An expansion board inserted into a computer. It allows the computer to connect with a network. It works as a liaison for specific protocol to send and receive data on the LAN.

Plug and Play

Enables users to plug a device into a computer and have the computer recognise the device is there without the need of users telling the computer about the device. This is a capability developed by Microsoft for its Windows 95 and later operatiing systems.

Sockets

A method of communication between a client program and a server program in a network. It is also defined as the end point in a connection. Sockets are bidirectional. Both side of connections are capable of sending and receiving data.

Chips

A small electronic circuit (integrated circuit) and is one of the basic components of most kind of electronic devices. Chips are small and made of semiconductors. Semiconductors are usually composed of silicon where several tiny components are embedded and used to transmit electronic data signal.

Slots

An opening in a computer where you can insert a printed circuit board. It is also known as expansion slot as it allows you to expand the capabilities of a computer.

Bus Lines

This is the communicating electronic lines that connect different parts of the operating system to various parts. It also links the OS to different parts on the system board of the computer. The data flows along the bus lines are in the form of bits.

Serial Port

A type of computer interface that relays information incoming or outgoing, one byte at a time. Each byte is broken up into a series of eight bits.

Parallel Port

A type of computer interface for connecting various peripherals. Also known as printer port or centronics port.

Universal Serial Bus

Is a plug-and-play interface. It allows high-speed, easy connection to peripherals to a computer. Everything configures automatically when a USB is plugged in.

Firewire Port

Is a form of serial port used to transfer data rapidly from one electronic device to another. It has the ability to interact with a number of different devices as it is a multi-platform serial port.

Careers in IT

2009-08-03T05:57:00.000-07:00

Webmaster

A webmaster is a person who creates and manages information and also the organization of a or more websites. He or she also maintains the website by updating the web pages and replying to the questions and problems of the users. The jobs of a webmaster includes regulating and managing access rights of different users of a website,setting up a website navigation and designing the appearance of the site.

Computer support specialist

A computer support specialist helps people dealing with computer . Computers support specialists interact with people by using emails or via phone calls. Their jobs also include installing printers, software and other computer tools. Computers support specialists work for the company that produces computer software or some places that uses computer software. Computer support specialists also provide feedback on the products to the maker of the software.

Technical writer

A technical writer explains to the average readers on technical ideas in a simple way for them to have a better understanding on those ideas. Technical writers may write different kinds of instruction manuals,press releases and other promotional materials for compamies that sell products or services.

Software engineer

A software engineer applies the princle of software engineering to the designs, researches and development to meet the clients requirements. They need to have a wide knowledge on computer programming applications. Software engineers are sometimes referred to as software developers or computer programmers. Software engineers can specialize in either systems or applications.

Network administrator

A person responsible for for the maintenance of the computer software and hardware that comprises a computer network. Network administrators' roles vary from company to company. Common tasks include network address assignment, directory services, maintenance of network facilities and certain network servers.

Database administrator

The person who is responsible for the environmental aspects of database within an organization. The primary roles of a database administrator is to administer, develop, maintain and implement the policies and procedures to ensure the corporate database is secured.

System analyst

A person who recommends a software and system for an organization based on the business requirement. A system analyst must understand the organization well in order to provide a suitable programme to fulfill business needs. Choosing the correct systems can help the organization at achieve its goals.

Programmer

A programmer is the person who writes computer software. Programmers write codes for the computers in order to perform theirs functions. They also conceive, design and test logical structures for solving problems by computer.